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Echinoderm - Crinoids | The Phylum Echinodermata is a diverse group of advanced marine invertebrates which includes starfish, sea urchins, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, and crinoids. They are characterized by five-fold radial symmetry and a calcareous skeleton composed of many individual elements. The crinoids are a class within the echinoderms that originated in the Early Ordovician, expanded rapidly in the Paleozoic, and are still a part of the marine ecosystem today. They have a cup-shaped assemblage of plates which enclose the body (calyx), a group of arms extending from the top used for feeding, and a stem on the bottom which anchors the animal to the seafloor. All these parts are composed of many skeletal elements loosely joined together which allow flexibility to the whole system. Complete crinoids can be beautiful, delicate fossils but the nature of the skeletal system often means they disarticulate rapidly after death. In the Finis, crinoid elements are very common, but complete articulated specimens are extremely rare. As is common in many fossil deposits, the individual disarticulated elements of the stems are very common, and body/arm elements are somewhat less common. Groups of articulated elements, including calices, are infrequently found. Stem elements from Cyclocaudex and Floricyclus are the most common genera found. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scroll through images or click to enlarge. Fossils are in alphabetical order by Genus.Collections are from Mike DeBrock (MD), Josh Hanley (JH), Dr. Peter Holterhoff (PH), Mark McKinzie (MM), John McLeod (JM), ), Dr. Ben Neuman (BN), Bob Williams (BW), Sveta Earnest (SE), and Rodney Wise (RW). All scales are shown in millimeters unless otherwise noted. |
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Images | Taxonomy/Stratigraphy/ | Images | Taxonomy/Stratigraphy/ |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Sagenocrinida Family: Dactylocrinidae Genus: Aexitrophocrinus Species: A. mcquirei Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MM | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: ?Unassigned Family: ?Unassigned Genus: Cyclocaudex Species: C. jucundus Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Family: Genus: Cyclocaudex Species: C. plenus Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MD | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Family: Genus: Cyclocaudex Species: C. typicus Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MD |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Family: Genus: Cyclocrista Species: C. lineolata Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MD | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Family: Genus: Delocrinus Species: D. sp. Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: JH |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Subclass: Pentacrinoidea Order: Dedrocrinida Superfamily: Zeacrinitoidea Family: Exocrinidae Genus: Exocrinus Species: E. sp. Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: ? Family: ? Genus: Floricyclus Species: F. granulosus Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MD |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: ? Family: ? Genus: Floricyclus Species: F. kansasensis Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Cladida Family: Diphuicrinidae Genus: Graffhamicrinus Species: G. magnificus Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Cladida Family: Diphuicrinidae Genus: Heterostelechus Species: H. texanus Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MD | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Disparida Family: Allagecrinidae Genus: Kallimorphocrinus Species: K. sp. Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MD |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Family: Genus: Mooreanteris Species: M. waylandensis Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MD | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Dendrocrinida Family: Cromyocrinidae Genus: Plaxocrinus Species: P. modestus Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: ? Family: ? Genus: Preptopremnum Species: P. laeve Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: ? Family: ? Genus: Preptopremnum Species: P. rugosum Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MD |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Dendrocrinida Family: Cromyocrinidae Genus: Stellarocrinus Species: S. virgilensis Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: MM, MD | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Dendrocrinida Family: Cromyocrinidae Genus: Synarmocrinus Species: S. sp. Brownwood Spillway Winchell LS, Brownwood, TX Collection: MM |
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Dendrocrinida Family: Cromyocrinidae Genus: Ulocrinus Species: U. sp. Brownwood Spillway Winchell LS, Brownwood, TX Collection: MM | Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Crinoidea Order: Family: Desc: Crinoid Parts Species: Finis Shale, Graham Formation Lost Creek Dam, Jacksboro, TX Collection: BW |
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